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Updated: 16/6
History of the Ganzfeld technique in the Course of Parapsychology at Spiritualist Integrated Colleges: 1984–2006

1984 – Professor Joe Garcia enters the Parapsychology Course to teach Practice in Experimental Research.

1986 – Mr Garcia takes over the chair of Experimental Research, unifying the theoretical and practical subjects.

1987 – 1st Brazilian and International Holistic Congress, which took place in Brasília. There, Mr Garcia met Dr Stanley Krippner (pictured to the side), who started sending theoretical material to Professor Joe, stimulating his research.

1988 – Mr Garcia creates a study group about subjects connected to the Ganzfeld technique.

1989 – Mr Garcia goes to the USA, where he visits the Masters in Parapsychology from the John Kennedy University and the FRNM – Foundation for Research on the Nature of Man. There he obtained theoretical material and visited the Ganzfeld laboratory of FRNM. In the same year, Mr Garcia creates a new study group, which carries out trials on relaxing conditions.

1990 – Dr Krippner comes to Curitiba to give lectures and also brings material.

1990 and 1991 – Professor Ceslau Z. Jackowski (1945–1998 – pictured to the side) coordinated the Experimental Parapsychology laboratory and carried out several experiments using sensorial deprivation.

1991 – Mr Garcia creates another study group (with the participation of Tarcísio R. Pallu and Vera L. O. C. Barrionuevo) and goes to the USA to take a summer course in Parapsychology at FRNM. There he met Dr Kathy Dalton. Upon his return, he tries to implement the Centre for Ganzfeld Research (NPG in Portuguese) at FIES. However, due to the lack of space, the project was put on hold.

The photograph on the left shows Professor Tarcísio R. Pallu, and the photograph on the right shows Professor Vera L. O. C. Barrionuevo and Professor Luiz Henrique Cardoso..

 

1993 – Tarcísio R. Pallu and Vera L. O. C. Barrionuevo go to the USA and take the same course that Mr Garcia took two years earlier. Upon their return, they implemented the NPG (10/6/93).

1993 to 1996 – NPG researched several subjects with the participation of many interns. In 1996, with Professor Vera stepping down for personal reasons, the laboratory was closed for six months.

1997 – Professor Carlos Alberto Tinoco returns as the head of the Parapsychology Course and invites Professor Fábio Eduardo da Silva to restructure the lab. With the help of Professor Joe Garcia, a course with Dr Kathy Dalton (USA) was given this year with the objective of training in the Ganzfeld technique.

In the picture to the side we can see, from left to right, Professor Joe Garcia, Professor Neusa P Lustosa and Dr Kathy Dalton..

 

1998 – Technical and physical changes are implemented to comply with safety measures. Professor Fábio goes to the USA and studies at the Summer Study Program, at the Rhine Research Center.

1999 – The lab receives new improvements, a new study group is created (with the participation of 11 students from the 2nd year of the Parapsychology Course) and two research projects are developed: 1) Motivation and Psi in the Ganzfeld Technique by Margareth Aparecida Bleichwel, and 2) Dreams and Ganzfeld, by Ricardo Eppinger (pictured to the side), who is a parapsychologist with FIES and has a doctorate degree from the University of Edinburgh (Scotland). Ricardo developed 50 sessions with Ganzfeld and 50 with dreams.

2000 – Professor Fábio develops a research project (Ganzfeld and Non-Ganzfeld) for the Fundação Bial of Portugal, requesting funds of US $ 10,000. This project involves, in addition to the professor, a parapsychologist and 3 trainees from the Parapsychology Course.

2001 – The project is selected and, with the funds received, new equipment is purchased, the ensemble of 80 dynamic targets is concluded, and the referred research begins.

In the picture we can see, from left to right: Margareth A. Bleichwel, Celso C. Cordeiro, Sibele A. Pilato, Carlos A. Tinoco, Anna E. Hoffmann (coordinator of the Parapsychology Course in 2000) and Maurício Y. A. da Silva. Below, we can see Prof. Fábio E. da Silva..

2002 – In March, the 108th trials are completed, concluding the Ganzfeld and Non-Ganzfeld research. Writing of the report begins, and it is delivered in July of that year. With the help of Professor Reginaldo Hiraoca, parapsychologist Sibete Pilato and programmer Renato Collin, Professor Fábio develops a new project for the Fundação Bial (Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld), which is sent in August of that year. In November, the project is selected, receiving 40,000 euros for execution over 3 years. Physical and structural changes are made in the Ganzfeld Lab, which starts to integrate a larger structure with three more labs – DMILS and Micro PK. The ICER (Integrated Centre of Experimental Parapsychology), is created according to law no. 31 A/02.

With the decisive participation of the Ganzfeld Lab, the 1st Psi Meeting is carried out, between the days of 30/11 and 1/12. The event reflects on human paranormality, gathering researchers from Curitiba and São Paulo. Also at this event, an article about Ganzfeld and Non-Ganzfeld was presented and registered in the Book of Registration of Presented Papers. A video documentary and a CD-ROM with the complete research paper (318 pages) are also prepared. Finally, the Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld project is sent to IBM in Brazil to try to obtain additional funding for research, which unfortunately did not occur.

2003 – The activities for the new research on “The Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld: searching for a more objective measure for Psi” start. There was some difficulty in the development of the computing system. Three different analysts were involved in this procedure, without success. The reconstruction of experimental targets (videos) was also beset by technical difficulties. The promotional activities were more effective, both in professional seasonal events and with laymen. We participated as speakers in the Course of “Updating Psi Research” and in the “2nd Seminary Inter Psi: Intuitive Communication and Anomalous Environmental Interactions”, both by the Pontifícia Universidade Católica through the Inter Psi and Study Group of Semiotic, in the city of São Paulo. Articles on the result of the Ganzfeld and Non-Ganzfeld research were presented at the 46th Annual Convention of the Parapsychological Association, in the city of Vancouver, Canada and at the 1st CONFIES – Scientific Congress of the Faculdades Integradas “Espírita” in Curitiba, Brazil, and were also published in the Revista Argentina de Psicologia Paranormal – RAPP. In addition, there was a presentation of the Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld research in the Instituto Pernambucano de Pesquisas Psicobiofísicas (IPPP), in the city of Recife. During this year, preparation details for the 2nd Psi Meeting were taken care of. Also, an experimental study of 24 trials was developed (Telepathy in Dreams) by the students of the 2nd year of the Parapsychology Course.

2004 – The results of the Ganzfeld and Non-Ganzfeld study are presented at the 5th Symposium of the Fundação Bial, in Portugal. The 2nd Psi Meeting takes place, gathering researchers from Argentina, Chile, France, USA, Japan and Brazil. At the event, the Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld study is presented. Due to the 2nd Psi Meeting, a partnership is achieved, through ICER and INPP, between FIES and two Japanese researchers. In the exchange with Prof. Hideyuki Kokubo (pictured on the right) DMILS studies are developed, including the donation of EDA equipment (which measures the electrical resistance of the skin). Clairvoyance tests are also developed, using Chinese techniques. Additionally, Prof. Tatsu Hirukawa (pictured on the left) develops studies on the Consciousness Field with RNG, also donating equipment to ICER and INPP. Two research projects are sent to the Fundação Bial, which do not receive grants.
48th Parapsychological Association Annual Conference, USA.

48th PA Annual conference, USA.

2005 – The Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld system is developed further and is presented at the 48th PA Convention, in the city of Petaluna, California, USA (pictured above). This trip makes it possible for the acquisition of more EDA equipment, necessary for the Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld system. Research on Distant Healing is developed with autistic patients as an exchange between researchers from Brazil, Japan, Chile and Peru. Preparations for the 3rd Psi Meeting begin.

2006 – The Digital and Physiological Ganzfeld system is developed further, this time by a new team of programmers, coordinated by Prof. Luiz Roberto Baracho Rocha. The research on Distant Healing with autistic patients is concluded, obtaining partially relevant results. Preparations for new research with autistic patients begin. With the collaboration of Professor Kokubo, the “DMILS EDA and affective links” research is carried out, in which one can verify physiological changes such as electrical skin connectivity in one participant, provoked by the intention of another participant. The 3rd Psi Meeting takes place, with the participation of researchers from Chile, France, USA, Japan and Brazil. Study groups in Neurosciences and Experiences in Parapsychology are created.

The picture below shows a round table during the 3rd Psi Meeting. From left to right: H. Kokubo (Japan), Stefan J. Kasian (USA), Anna Mathilde P. e Chaves (Brazil) and Sergio Schilling Pérez (Chile).